• Howe, Christopher (1996). The Origins of Japanese Trade Supremacy: Development and Technology in Asia from 1540 to the Pacific War. The University of Chicago Press. ISBN 0-226-35485-7.
• Roksund, Arne. The Jeune École: The Strategy of the Weak. Leiden: Brill, 2007. ISBN 978-90-04-15273-1.
• Gardiner, Robert, and Lambert, Andrew (eds.). Steam, Steel and Shellfire: The Steam Warship 1815–1905. Conway's History of the Ship. ISBN 0-7858-1413-2.
• Ropp, Theodore. The Development of a Modern Navy: French Naval Policy 1871–1904. Ed.: Stephen S. Roberts. Annapolis, Md.: Naval Institute Press, 1987 (Harvard University dissertation from 1937).
• (de/fr) Bueb, Volkmar. Die "Junge Schule" der französischen Marine. Strategie und Politik 1875–1900. Harald Boldt Verlag, Boppard am Rhein, 1971. In: Militärgeschichtliches Forschungsamt (Editor): Wehrwissenschaftliche Forschungen, Department Militärgeschichtliche Studien, Volume 12. ISBN 3-7646-1552-4. (In German with quotations in French. Title translated to the English language: The "Jeune École" in the French Navy. Strategy and Policy 1875–1900. Book out of print. Only in scientific libraries.

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1. ↑ Howe, Christopher (1996). The Origins of Japanese Trade Supremacy: Development and Technology in Asia from 1540 to the Pacific War. C. Hurst & Co. tr. 281. ISBN 9781850655381.
2. ↑ Bueb, Volkmar (1971). Die "Junge Schule" der französischen Marine: Strategie und Politik 1875-1900. H. Boldt. tr. 16. ISBN 9783764615529.
3. ↑ Gardiner, Robert (1992). Steam, Steel & Shellfire: The Steam Warship 1815-1905. Conway Maritime Press. tr. 154. ISBN 9780851775647.